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Vocabulary
Nouns:
입덧 = morning sickness
Common Usages:
입덧약 = morning sickness medicine
토덧 = vomiting-type morning sickness
먹덧 = craving-type morning sickness
Examples:
입덧이 심하면 무리하지 말고 푹 쉬렴
= If your morning sickness is severe, don’t overdo it and get some rest
입덧이 심해져서 냄새만 맡아도 속이 울렁거렸어요
= Her morning sickness was so bad that even smells made her nauseous
금리 = interest rate
Common Usages:
금리 인상 = interest rate increase
금리 인하 = interest rate decrease
변동 금리 = variable interest rate
고정 금리 = fixed interest rate
Examples:
경제 활성을 위해 금리를 낮췄어요
= We lowered the interest rates for the vitality of economy
요즘 금리가 높으니까 돈은 조심해서 저금하렴
= Since interest rates are high these days, save your money wisely, dear
공황 = panic
Common Usages:
공항 장애 = airport disruption
공항이 오다 = to have airport disruption occur
Examples:
공황이 올 것 같으면 숨을 천천히 쉬렴
= If you feel a panic attack coming, breathe slowly, sweetheart
사람들이 갑자기 몰려나오면서 공황 상태가 되었어요
= As people suddenly rushed out, panic spread everywhere
외동 = only child
Common Usages:
외동 딸 = only daughter
외동 아들 = only son
Examples:
외동이라 외로울 수도 있겠지만 친구들이랑 잘 지내렴
= Being an only child might feel lonely, but get along well with your friends
그는 외동이라 항상 혼자 놀아도 외로움을 잘 느끼지 않아요
= As an only child, he’s used to playing alone without feeling lonely
이빨 = tooth
Common Usages:
이빨 요정 = tooth fairy
이빨이 빠지다 = to lose a tooth
이빨이 흔들리다 = to have a loose tooth
Examples:
사탕 먹었으면 이빨 닦으렴
= If you had candy, brush your teeth
이빨이 빠져서 딱딱한 음식을 먹기가 힘들었어요
= My tooth fell out, so it was hard to eat solid food
저상 = low-floor
Common Usages:
저상 버스 = low-floor bus
저상 침대 = low-profile bed
Examples:
저상버스가 늘어나면서 노약자들의 이동이 훨씬 편해졌어요
= Low-floor buses have made travel much easier for the elderly
저상버스 = low-floor bus
Examples:
저상버스가 오면 탈 준비하렴
= When the low-floor bus arrives, get ready to board
저상버스가 늘어나면서 노약자들의 이동이 훨씬 편해졌어요
= Low-floor buses have made travel much easier for the elderly
갈비 = ribs
Common Usages:
갈비를 뜯다 = to gnaw ribs, to tear at ribs
Examples:
뜨거우니까 갈비는 조금 식힌 다음에 먹으렴
= It’s hot, so wait for the ribs to cool a bit before eating
갈비를 뜯으며 친구들과 즐겁게 밥을 먹었어요
= We happily shared a meal while eating ribs together
갈비뼈 = rib bone
Common Usages:
갈비뼈에 금이 가다 = to get a hairline fracture in a rib
Examples:
그가 넘어지면서 갈비뼈에 금이 갔어요
= He fell and cracked one of his ribs
갈비뼈 다쳤으면 무리하지 말고 조심하렴
= If you hurt your ribs, don’t strain yourself and be careful
자율 = autonomy
자율
autonomy
Common Usages:
자율 신경계 = autonomic nervous system
자율 주행 = autonomous driving
Examples:
학생들은 자율적으로 모여 토론을 진행했어요
= The students gathered autonomously to hold a discussion
자율적 = autonomous
Examples:
이제 너도 컸으니 자율적으로 행동하렴
= You’re grown up now, so act with autonomy
이 회사는 자율적 근무 환경을 강조하고 있어요
= This company emphasizes an autonomous work environment
멍멍이 = dog (childish slang)
Examples:
멍멍이랑 놀다가 손 물리지 않게 조심하렴
= Be careful not to get your hand bitten while playing with the dog
아이들은 공원에서 멍멍이와 함께 뛰어놀았어요
= The children ran around the park with their dog
비상구 = emergency exit
Examples:
비상구를 막지 말고 항상 비워 두렴
= Don’t block the emergency exit, always keep it clear
비상구는 근처에는 아무것도 있으면 안돼요
= There must be nothing near the emergency exit
Verbs:
외박하다 = to sleep over
Examples:
늦게까지 외박하지 말고 일찍 들어오렴
= Don’t sleep out too late, come home early, okay
부모님 몰래 외박을 하고 집에 돌아와서 손바닥이 닳도록 빌었지만 부모님의 화가 풀리지 않았다
= I slept somewhere else without my parents knowing, and as soon as I came home, I begged them (to the point that my palms were worn down), but it wasn’t enough to calm their rage
저금하다 = to put money into the bank
Common Usages:
저금 통장 = savings account
Examples:
매달 일정 금액을 저금해서 여행 자금을 모으고 있어요
= I’m saving money every month to fund a trip
요즘 금리가 높으니까 돈을 은행에 저금하렴
= Since interest rates are high these days, save your money at the bank, dear
질주하다 = to speed
Common Usages:
쾌속 질주하다 = to speed ahead, to race swiftly
Examples:
도로에서는 절대 질주하지 말고 천천히 달리렴
= Never speed on the road, drive slowly, dear
그는 고속도로에서 시속 150km로 질주했어요
= He sped down the highway at 150 kilometers per hour
표백하다 = to bleach
Common Usages:
표백제 = bleach
Examples:
옷을 표백할 땐 장갑 꼭 끼고 하렴
= When you bleach clothes, make sure to wear gloves
옷이 누렇게 변해서 표백제를 써서 하얗게 만들었어요
= The clothes turned yellow, so I bleached them white again
언쟁하다 = to argue
Examples:
친구랑 언쟁하지 말고 사이좋게 지내렴
= Don’t argue with your friends, get along well
사소한 문제로 서로 언쟁하다 결국 화해했어요
= They argued over a small matter but eventually made up
Adjectives:
사이좋다 = to get along well
Examples:
친구랑 언쟁하지 말고 사이좋게 지내렴
= Don’t argue with your friends, get along well
형제는 사이좋게 장난감을 나누며 놀았어요
= The brothers played together, getting along well
Adverbs and Other Words:
푹 = to rest well
Common Usages:
푹 쉬다 = to rest deeply, to rest fully
푹 자다 = to sleep deeply
Examples:
입덧이 심하면 무리하지 말고 푹 쉬렴
= If your morning sickness is severe, don’t overdo it and get some rest
푹 자고 일어났더니 몸이 가뿐했어요
= I woke up feeling fresh after a good night sleep
하루의 노동 끝에 푹 잠을 자는 것은 기분 좋은 일이에요
= It’s a delightful thing to sleep soundly at the end of a day’s work
Introduction
In this lesson, you will learn another way to make a command. This way of making commands is much softer and is used by the older generation. In this lesson, you will learn about ~(으)렴. Let’s get started.
~(으)렴: Gentle Command
In Lesson 40, you first learned how to make commands by adding ~아/어(요), or ~(으)세요. These are the more common ways to command that an action be done. Another way to make a command is by using ~(으)렴. For example:
밥을 많이 먹으렴 = Eat a lot (of rice)
In the previous lesson, you saw how ending a sentence with ~ㄴ/는단다 is a gentle, motherly way to end a sentence. ~(으)렴 is a gentle, motherly way to make a command. This way of making commands is often used by the older generation (like parents or grandparents) when talking to younger people. You can think of it as a soft command like a suggestion or gentle encouragement.
사탕 먹었으면 이빨 닦으렴
= If you had candy, brush your teeth
저상버스가 오면 탈 준비하렴
= When the low-floor bus arrives, get ready to board
용돈 생기면 조금씩 저금하렴
= When you get an allowance, save a little bit each time
옷을 표백할 땐 장갑 꼭 끼고 하렴
= When you bleach clothes, make sure to wear gloves
비상구를 막지 말고 항상 비워 두렴
= Don’t block the emergency exit, always keep it clear
입덧이 심하면 무리하지 말고 푹 쉬렴
= If your morning sickness is severe, don’t overdo it and get some rest
공황이 올 것 같으면 숨을 천천히 쉬렴
= If you feel a panic attack coming, breathe slowly, sweetheart
이제 너도 컸으니 자율적으로 행동하렴
= You’re grown up now, so act with autonomy
친구랑 언쟁하지 말고 사이좋게 지내렴
= Don’t argue with your friends, get along well
늦게까지 외박하지 말고 일찍 들어오렴
= Don’t sleep out too late, come home early, okay
갈비뼈 다쳤으면 무리하지 말고 조심하렴
= If you hurt your ribs, don’t strain yourself and be careful
멍멍이랑 놀다가 손 물리지 않게 조심하렴
= Be careful not to get your hand bitten while playing with the dog
뜨거우니까 갈비는 조금 식힌 다음에 먹으렴
= It’s hot, so wait for the ribs to cool a bit before eating
요즘 금리가 높으니까 돈을 은행에 저금하렴
= Since interest rates are high these days, save your money at the bank, dear
도로에서는 절대 질주하지 말고 천천히 달리렴
= Never speed on the road, drive slowly, dear
외동이라 외로울 수도 있겠지만 친구들이랑 잘 지내렴
= Being an only child might feel lonely, but get along well with your friends
You will often see this type of speech in children’s books or stories, specifically when a parent is talking with their child. For example, I was reading the children’s story Hansel and Gretel to my five-year-old daughter. In the previous lesson, you learned about ending sentences with ~ㄴ/는단다. In that lesson, I provided a short sentence from Hansel and Gretel. The sentence that follows the one from Lesson 181 contains ~(으)렴. Here are both sentences together:
너희들을 숲에 버리고 온 뒤 한순간도 행복하지 않았단다. 나를 용서해 주렴.
= After abandoning you in the forest, I haven’t been happy for even a moment, my dear. Please forgive me.
That’s it for this lesson!